Artificial Intelligence at the Intersection of Computer Science and Healthcare: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

AI has become a disruptive technology in healthcare that is using the breakthroughs in computer science to improve the fields of diagnostics, treatment planning, patient monitoring, and medical research. In this review, the author discusses the historical development of AI starting with the early rule-based systems about modern machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing applications. The most important areas of healthcare use are medical imaging, predictive analytics, personalized medicine and robotic-assisted surgery. Issues of data quality, interpretability, ethical issues, and regulation are mentioned, and novel trends like federated learning, generative AI, and human-AI collaboration are stated, and AI has potential to enhance patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.