Bioinformatics in Forest Biodiversity: From DNA Barcoding to Genomic Selection

Abstract

The investigation along with preservation of forest biodiversity benefits tremendously from bioinformatics. The paper reviews essential bioinformatics applications which include DNA barcoding and genomic selection within forest ecosystems. DNA barcoding helps scientists identify species correctly yet environmental DNA (eDNA) and metabarcoding methods let scientists study diverse species through non-destructive monitoring procedures. Population genomics operates as a method to investigate genetic diversity which helps maintain populations in addition to adaptive management functions. Biological and evolutionary analyses demonstrate species family links while showing the historical movements of living things which supports better planning of conservation efforts. Genomic selection speeds up tree breeding activities through which breeders can improve traits involving growth patterns and disease immunity. Research in forest biodiversity progresses due to BOLD and GenBank and QIIME as well as bioinformatics tools which analyze and interpret data. Forest conservation together with management and sustainable forestry practice benefits from genomic technologies even though data standards and computing requirements create present-day obstacles